The three main types of dental implants are endosteal, subperiosteal, and zygomatic. Endosteal implants, placed directly into the jawbone, are used in more than 90% of cases. Subperiosteal implants rest on top of the jawbone beneath the gums, and zygomatic implants are anchored in the cheekbone.
If you are planning to get implants, you must first understand their different types. Each type is designed for different dental needs and bone conditions. Not every implant works for every patient. The best option depends on your oral health, jawbone condition, and the number of missing teeth.
Below, we’ll learn about the different types of dental implants, how they work, their benefits, and the materials. We’ll answer every question about the types of dental implants. You’ll also learn how dentists choose the best option for your smile.
Dental Implant Types by Placement
Dental implants can be classified in several ways. Some are classified by where they are placed. Others are classified by their material, size, or the type of tooth replacement they support. In terms of placement, the three main types are endosteal, subperiosteal, and Zygomatic implants.
Endosteal Implants
Endosteal implants are the most common type of dental implant. They are placed directly into the jawbone and act as an artificial tooth root. After healing, a dental crown, bridge, or denture is attached to restore your smile.
These implants are usually made from titanium or zirconia. Both materials are strong, durable, and designed to work well with the jawbone. Endosteal implants come in different shapes, including screw-shaped, cylinder-shaped, and blade-shaped implants. They are the standard choice for most patients with enough bone density. They can support a single crown or a full-arch restoration, such as All-on-4.
Subperiosteal Implants
Subperiosteal implants are placed on top of the jawbone, just beneath the gums, instead of being inserted into the bone. A custom metal framework holds the implants in place and supports the replacement teeth.
This type of implant may be recommended when you do not have enough healthy jawbone for traditional implants. It can also be an option if you cannot have or prefer to avoid bone grafting. Although they are less common today, they can still be a suitable option in certain cases. Subperiosteal implants are typically made from biocompatible titanium. The framework is designed to fit the shape of your jaw for a secure fit.
Zygomatic Implants
Zygomatic implants are anchored in the cheekbone (zygoma) instead of the upper jaw. They may be an option for patients with severe upper-jaw bone loss who are not candidates for standard implants or bone grafting. They’re longer than typical implants and require a specialist experienced in the technique.
Zygomatic implants may be an option for patients with significant bone loss. They are often used when standard implants are not suitable. They are usually made from titanium, a strong and biocompatible material that can fuse with the bone over time.
What Are Dental Implants Made Of?
The types of dental implant materials used can affect their strength and long-term performance. Today, most dental implants are made from titanium or zirconia. Both materials are safe, durable, and designed to fuse with the jawbone through a process called osseointegration.
Titanium Implants
Titanium is the most commonly used material for dental implants. It is lightweight, strong, and has been used successfully in implant dentistry for decades. Titanium also fuses well with the jawbone, providing a stable foundation for replacement teeth.
Zirconia Implants
Zirconia is a metal-free alternative made from a strong ceramic material. It is naturally white, making it a popular choice for patients who want a more natural-looking result. Some people also prefer zirconia if they have metal sensitivities or simply want a metal-free option.
Titanium vs. Zirconia: Which Is Better?
Both materials offer excellent results, but they have different advantages. Your dentist will recommend the best material based on your oral health and personal preferences.
| Feature | Titanium Implants | Zirconia Implants |
|---|---|---|
| Material | Metal (titanium alloy) | Metal-free ceramic (zirconia) |
| Popularity | Most commonly used | Less commonly used |
| Strength | Very strong and durable | Strong but may be less flexible than titanium |
| Appearance | Metallic gray | Natural white color |
| Osseointegration | Excellent bone integration with decades of clinical success | Good bone integration with growing clinical evidence |
| Best For | Most patients needing long-term tooth replacement | Patients who prefer a metal-free or more aesthetic option |
| Longevity | Excellent long-term track record | Promising long-term results, but less long-term research than titanium |
| Cost | Generally more affordable | Usually more expensive |
Types of Dental Implants By Size
Dental implants also come in different sizes to suit the patient’s jawbone, available space, and treatment needs. The most common options include standard and mini dental implants.
Standard Implants
Standard dental implants are the traditional and most commonly used type of dental implant. They are typically 3.5 mm to 6 mm in diameter and are placed directly into the jawbone to replace one or more missing teeth. Because of their size, they provide excellent strength and stability for dental crowns, bridges, or dentures. Standard implants are best suited for patients with healthy gums and enough jawbone to support the implant.
Mini Dental Implants
Mini dental implants are a smaller version of traditional dental implants. They have a narrower diameter, usually less than 3 mm, making them a good option for patients with limited jawbone or small spaces between teeth.
These implants are placed directly into the jawbone to support a replacement tooth, bridge, or denture. Because they are smaller, the procedure is often less invasive and may require a shorter healing time than standard implants.
Types of Dental Implants by Tooth Replacement
Dental implants can also be classified by how many teeth they replace. The right option depends on the number of missing teeth and your oral health.
| Tooth Replacement Option | Description |
|---|---|
| Single-Tooth Implant | A single-tooth implant replaces one missing tooth with a single implant and a custom dental crown. |
| Implant-Supported Bridge | An implant-supported bridge replaces multiple missing teeth. It uses dental implants to support the bridge instead of natural teeth. |
| Implant-Supported Dentures | An implant-supported denture uses dental implants to hold a full or partial denture in place. It provides better stability and comfort. |
| All-on-4 Dental Implants | All-on-4 is a full-arch treatment that uses four strategically placed implants. These implants support a fixed replacement arch. The implants themselves are typically endosteal implants |
Types of Dental Implants by Cost
The cost of dental implants can vary depending on the implant type, the number of teeth being replaced, and the complexity of the procedure. Endosteal implants are usually the most affordable. They are common and use a standard surgical approach. Subperiosteal and zygomatic implants often cost more. They require custom treatment planning and more complex surgery.
| Type of Dental Implant | Average Cost (Per Implant) | Why the Cost Varies |
|---|---|---|
| Endosteal Implants | $3,000–$6,000 | Standard procedure and the most commonly used implant type. |
| Subperiosteal Implants | $4,000–$8,000+ | Custom-made framework and a more complex placement process. |
| Zygomatic Implants | $8,000–$15,000+ | Advanced surgery, longer implants, and specialized expertise required. |
| Mini Dental Implants | $500–$1,500 | Smaller implants and a less invasive procedure. |
Keep in mind that these are estimated costs. Your total treatment cost may also include tooth extractions or other restorative procedures. The final price depends on your oral health and personalized treatment plan.
If you’re considering dental implants, your dentist will recommend the best option based on your needs.
Which Type of Dental Implant Is Best for You?
There isn’t one best type of dental implant for everyone. The right choice depends on several factors.
For most patients, endosteal implants are the preferred option. They offer excellent stability and long-term success. If you have significant bone loss, your dentist may recommend another option. This may include subperiosteal, zygomatic, or mini dental implants.
During your consultation, your dentist will perform a thorough exam and take 3D digital scans to evaluate your jawbone. This helps determine whether you have enough bone for standard implants or if you may need bone grafting before treatment.
The best way to choose the right implant is to discuss your options with an experienced implant dentist. They will recommend a treatment plan that fits your smile, budget, and long-term oral health needs.
Conclusion
Choosing the right dental implant depends on your jawbone, oral health, number of missing teeth, and treatment goals. Endosteal implants are the most common, but other options may be better for patients with bone loss or specific needs.
A dental exam and 3D imaging can help determine the best option for your smile. Book a consultation with dental team today to discuss your implant options and get a personalized treatment plan.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
The three main types are endosteal, subperiosteal, and zygomatic implants. Endosteal implants are the most common option.
Most dental implants are made of titanium. Zirconia implants are also available as a metal-free option.
Endosteal implants are placed directly into the jawbone. Subperiosteal implants sit on top of the jawbone, under the gums, and may be used when there is not enough bone for standard implants.
Endosteal implants are often the most affordable type. They are widely used and do not require a custom framework.
Your dentist will assess your jawbone, oral health, and tooth replacement needs. 3D imaging can help determine the best implant type and treatment option.
Dental implants can last many years with proper care. Good oral hygiene and regular dental checkups can help extend their lifespan.
Not everyone is an immediate candidate for dental implants. Your dentist will check your bone density, gum health, and overall oral health before recommending treatment.